Building-block.



D. McINTYRB.

BUILDING BLOCK.

APFLIOA'XION FILED EAR. 26, 2908.

Pateuted Mar. 15,1910.

2 SHEQTS-SHEET 1.

' invcntor alternati- D. McINTYRE.

BUILDING BLOCK.

APPLICATION rum) xm.2s,1soa.

Patented Mar. 15,1910.

2 8HBETS-SHBBT 2.

Inventor mmnm UNITF D STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

DAVID EcINTYB-E, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB OI ONE-HALF TO GEORGE D.

BALL, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

BUILDING-BLOCK.

Application filed March 28, 1908. Serial No. 423,390.

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that 1, DAVID Moln'rrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building-Blocks; and I dodeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyine' drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this snecification. I i This invention relates to new and useful improvements in building blocks, more particularly designed for the building of walls and the erection of chimneys, and consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully set forth and pointed out particularly in the claims.

The object of the invention isto produce a building block of the character described, wherein the arrangement, is such asto enable a wall or chimney to be quickl and perfectly built, and wherein provision is made fiflsl a por ion of a wall or chimney hasheen built, whereby the whole may be bound together vertically and transversely by pouring cement or mortar into the vertical i'iassages formed through said blocks which communicate withhorizontal channels in the faces thcreof,.making a wall so formed,.of unusual stability. I g p v 'l'heabove object is attained by the formation of the blocks and their association in a wall as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:. p

Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a wall built of blocks formed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view looking at theuppcr face of one of said blocks. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the under face of one of said blocks. Fig. 4 isanenlargcd transverse section through a building bloylcmade in accordance with my iuvcntion, Fig. is a plan view of a corner l lock. lf ig. (3,is a portirm of a wall, partliy in section, built oflblocks madc, in accor ance with my invention, the sectioned portion of the wall showingthe ccmt-zit binder filling the registering vertical apertures and longitudinal channels in the facesof the block for a certain distance, the remainm portion of said sectioned parts showing said apertures and channels free from said cement. F i 'z' is a transverse section through a wall built of my improved blocks, as on line 7-7 of Fig. 1, the binder of mortar or cement being omitted. Fig. 8 is a plan view of a ey block. Fig. 9 is a sectional view through said block, as on line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Referring to the characters of reference, 1 designates the block employed for constructing a wall, which is oblong and of reetangular shape, and provided with a pro jectingvl. 2. Each block is provided in its upper face with a longi udinal channel 3. Between said channel and the outer face of the block is a fiat marginal portion 4, shown .more clearly in Fig. l. Projecting vertically from the face of the block and extending longitudinally thereof between the inner margin of the channel 3 and the inner face of the block, is all-shaped rib 5. On each side of said rib at the base thereof are the tint marginal bearing surfaces 6, the horizontal plane of which is above the plane of the marginal surface 4, as will be seen on referring to Fig. 4, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained. Crossing the channel 3 at intervals are the partitions 7 which afi'ord bearing supports for the succeeding block placed thereon and whose upper. edges are on a plane with the marginal surfaces 6. Passing verticall through the body portion of the block are the oblong apertures 8 which lead from the bottom of the channel 3 and are disposed on opposite sides of the partitions 7. The L portion 2 0f the block also has a groove 9 in its upper face, and leading from the bottom of said groove and passin through said portion of the block isan ob 011g aperture 10. In the ends of the body portion of the main blocks are formed vertical channels 11 which when the blocks are placed end to end, form vertical assagcs between the ends of the blocks, as c earlv shown in Fig. 1., The underface of each lock is fiat, excepting along its inner niargin where it isprovidcd witlra V- shaped channel 12 adapted to receive therib o 0 when the blot-ks are laid up in a wall, they are perfectly centered and po-itioncd obvi atiug the time and careusually required in laying up a wall of blocks without these interlocking and positioning members, i

The L-shapcd blot-h herein shown is dc- E.

the block below. By this arrangement signed to be employed in laying up a double or hollow wall, as shown in Fig. 1, with an air space 18 between the outer and inner sides of the wall. The blocks areso laid that the L portions thereof extend inwardly from opposite sides in succession and lie on each other so as to tie the sides of the wall together with the body portions of the blocks breaking joints, as shown in Fig. 6. The blocks are of such shape and the apertures 8 and 10 formed therethrough are so positioned as to cause said apertures in the blocks which are laid up in the wall, to register with like apertures in the blocks below. so that after the wall has been laid for a certain distance, cement or mortar of the proper consistency, may be poured into said apertures, as shown at, 20 in Fig. 6, to fill them, the cement being sutliciently fluid to flow horizontally along the channels 8 in the blocks so as to fill said channels as well as the vertical apertures, whereby the blocks in the wall are tied together by a continuous binder of cement or mortar extending upwardly through the vertical apertures there in which are entirely filled thereby, as well as through the longitudinal channels along which the cement flows to efi'ect a perfect distribution thereof into all of the vertical apertures through the blocks. Mention has been previously made of the fact that the outer marginal surfaces 4 of the blocks are lower than theplane of the inner surfaces 6, the purpose of which is to form a slight opening between the faces of the blocks along their outer margin, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, which opening communicates with the channel 3 and into which the cement or mortar will flow when the vertical apertures and longitudinal channel are tilled by the cement or mortar, thereby showing a mortar line between the blocks when they are laid up in a wall.

It will be noted that the block shown in Fig. 5 is not provided with a vertical groove 11 in the body thereof at the end where the L is connected, but that said vertical groove is formed in the end of the L instead. This arrangement is necessary in a corner block to enable the corner to be properly turned without exposing the channel or groove 11 in the outer face of the wall, and to enable a proper connection to be made with the blocks in the wall extending from said corner blocks.

The square blocks 14 shown in Figs. 8 and 9 which are designed'for the construction of a chimney are, like the blOCliz; 1, provided on their upper faces with a V-shaped mar 'inal rib 5 around the central opening 15 therethrough and on their under faces with a beveled marginal portion 16 adapted to receive the incline of one side of said rib when the blocks are placed to ether to properly position said b ocks. The upper faces of said blocks 14 are also provided with the groove or channel 17 havin the marginal bearing surfaces 18 on cam side thereof. Extending from the bottom of the channel 1'2 vertically through the blocks are the apertures 19 which are caused to register when the blocks are laid up and through which cement or mortar is poured to bind the blocks together, the mortar tiowinv around the channel 17 from the verticad apertures 19, filling said channel and binding the blocks firmly together not only between their horizontal faccs, but by means of the vertical columns of cement or mortar which -extend through and fill the apertures 19 thereof in a manner similar to that illustrated in Fig. 6.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A building block substantially rectangular in shape having a projecting tongue on one face near one margin, and in the opposite face a correspondingly dispos d groove, the remaining portion of the face of the block in which said groove is formed being flat, the face of the block carrying the tongue having a shallow concaved channel parallel with said tongue and near one margin of the block, sai'd block having a plurality of apertures formed throu h the body of the block leading from the hase of said channel in one face and passing through the flat surface of the block on the opposite face.

2. A building block of substantially rectangular shape having in one face a ongitudiual channel, there being a series of apertures leading from the base of said channel and passing vertically through the block, said block having marginal surfaces on each side of said channel, one of which surfaces is below the plane of the other.

3. An oblong block substantially rectangular in cross section, havinga longitudinal channel in one face thereo. and a series of vertical apertures extending therethrough leading from the base of said channel, said block having marginal surfaces on-each side of said channel one of which is below the plane of the other, and transverse partitions crossing said channel in the plane of the higher of said surfaces, the opposite faces of said block having engageable members ada ted to co-act with like parts on similar bloc s to' osition said block in a wall.

4. An 0 long building block substantially rectangular in cross section, having a longitudinal channel in one face thereof and vertical channels in its ends registerin w th said longitudinal channel, said bloch also having mar inal surfaces on each side of said channe one of which is below the plane of the other and having a plurality of vertical apertures passin therethrough leading from the base of sai longitudinal channel, and a plurality of partitions crossing said longitudinal channel in the lane of the higher bearing surface of the block.

5. wall composed of blocks having a plurality of vertical channels therethrough adapted to register when the blocks are laid in the wall, each block having in one face a horizontal channel communicating with and connectingsaid vertical channels and with marginal surfaces on each side of said horizontal channel, one above the plane of the other, to form a slit between the marginal edges of the superimposed blocks cornniunicating with said horizontal and v'erticai channels, and a plastic binder fillin the vertical and longitudinal channels '0. the blocks to bind them together in the wall.

8., An oblong L-shaped building block substantially rectangular in cross section, said 20 block having a plurality of vertical channels therethrough and having a shallow coneaved channel in its upper face connecting said vertical channels, the under side of said block being substantially flat, a plurality of shallow partitions crossing said concaved DAVID MCINTYRE.

Witnesses:

O. B. BAENZIGER, I. G. Hownnrr. 

